Usage Note
Pathologie is used in medical French both for a disease or condition ('une pathologie grave') and for the academic discipline of pathology. It is a formal register word; in everyday speech, French speakers might simply say maladie. The adjective pathologique ('pathological') is common in both medical and figurative speech.
Examples
"Le médecin a identifié une pathologie rare."
Natural Translation
The doctor identified a rare pathology.
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